Culvert Fundamentals: A Practical Overview for Municipal Stormwater Systems

Culverts are enclosed conduits that carry surface water beneath roads, railways, trails, and embankments, allowing drainage and traffic to coexist safely. They form one of the most common, and often most overlooked, structures in municipal stormwater networks. When sized, installed, and maintained c…continue

Catch Basins: The First Line of Defense in Municipal Stormwater Management

Every time rain falls on streets and parking lots, it sweeps grit, trash, and pollutants toward the nearest low point. Catch basins sit at those low points, quietly collecting runoff and helping cities keep roadways safe, pipes clear, and receiving waters cleaner. This article explains how catch bas…continue

Precast Underground Vaults: How a Deep Sump Turns Runoff into Cleaner Outfall

What Exactly Is a Precast Underground Vault? A precast vault is a large, reinforced-concrete box or cylinder installed below grade to detain, treat, or both detain and treat stormwater when surface land is scarce. The modules are factory-made for quality control, then craned into an excavated pit an…continue

Understanding Stormwater Outfalls: Types and Their Environmental Impact

What is a stormwater outfall? A stormwater outfall is the point where a storm-drain system, whether pipes, ditches, or channels, discharges runoff to a receiving water such as a stream, wetland, lake, or the ocean. Regulatory guidance clarifies that simple cross-road culverts, which only pass flow b…continue